{"id":9014,"date":"2024-06-09T15:59:55","date_gmt":"2024-06-09T13:59:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/tipos-de-tensao-molas-de-compressao\/"},"modified":"2024-06-12T11:33:18","modified_gmt":"2024-06-12T09:33:18","slug":"tipos-de-tensao-molas-de-compressao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/pt-pt\/tipos-de-tensao-molas-de-compressao\/","title":{"rendered":"Tipos de tens\u00e3o Molas de compress\u00e3o"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Antes de projetar a <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/pt-pt\/informacion-muelles-de-compresion\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">mola de compress\u00e3o<\/a>, deve-se sempre esclarecer se o tipo pretendido de tens\u00e3o \u00e9 est\u00e1tico ou quase-est\u00e1tico, ou se \u00e9 din\u00e2mico.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/pt-pt\/tipos-de-tensao-molas-de-compressao\/#Carga_estatica_ou_quase-estatica\" >Carga est\u00e1tica ou quase-est\u00e1tica<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/pt-pt\/tipos-de-tensao-molas-de-compressao\/#Tensao_dinamica\" >Tens\u00e3o din\u00e2mica<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Carga_estatica_ou_quase-estatica\"><\/span>Carga est\u00e1tica ou quase-est\u00e1tica<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Carga constante de tempo (est\u00e1tica), ou carga vari\u00e1vel de tempo com menos de 10 000 cursos no total ou pequenas tens\u00f5es de curso at\u00e9 0,1 x for\u00e7a de curso cont\u00ednuo (\u03c4kh = \u03c4k2 -\u03c4k1).<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tensao_dinamica\"><\/span>Tens\u00e3o din\u00e2mica<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>A tens\u00e3o din\u00e2mica para molas \u00e9 definida como tens\u00f5es vari\u00e1veis no tempo com mais de 10.000 ciclos de carga ou tens\u00f5es de curso acima de 0,1 x for\u00e7a de curso cont\u00ednuo (\u03c4kh) com tens\u00e3o de curso constante e vari\u00e1vel. Neste caso, a mola \u00e9 normalmente pr\u00e9-tensionada e sujeita a uma carga de incha\u00e7o peri\u00f3dica com uma curva sinusoidal, que ocorre de forma aleat\u00f3ria (estocasticamente), como no caso da suspens\u00e3o do autom\u00f3vel, por exemplo.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Dependendo do n\u00famero necess\u00e1rio de ciclos de carga &#8220;N&#8221; sem pausa, \u00e9 feita uma diferencia\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>1. A gama de <a title=\"Wikip\u00e9dia sobre a for\u00e7a da fadiga\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/dauerfestigkeit\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">resist\u00eancia \u00e0 fadiga<\/a> com n\u00fameros de ciclos de carga<br \/>\nN \u2265<sup>107 <\/sup>para molas formadas a frio<br \/>\nN \u2265 2 x<sup>106 <\/sup>para molas termoformadas<br \/>\nCom uma tens\u00e3o de curso inferior \u00e0 for\u00e7a do curso cont\u00ednuo.<\/p>\n<p>2. A gama de <a title=\"Wikip\u00e9dia sobre a for\u00e7a da fadiga\" href=\"http:\/\/de.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/W%C3%B6hlerversuch\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">resist\u00eancia \u00e0 fadiga<\/a> com n\u00fameros de ciclos de carga.<br \/>\nN &lt; <sup>107 <\/sup>para molas formadas a frio<br \/>\nN &lt; 2 x<sup>106 <\/sup>para molas termoformadas<br \/>\nCom uma tens\u00e3o de curso maior que a for\u00e7a do curso cont\u00ednuo e menos que a for\u00e7a do curso temporal.<\/p>\n<p>A tens\u00e3o de corte existente \u00e9 determinada da seguinte forma.<\/p>\n<p>Tens\u00e3o de cisalhamento pela for\u00e7a: <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\Large \\tau=\\frac{8DF}{\\pi d^{3}}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Tens\u00e3o de cisalhamento por deslocamento: <span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\Large \\tau=\\frac{Gds}{\\pi nD^{2}}<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9017\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9017\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Formelzeichen_Druckfedern_komplett.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-9017 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Druckfeder_Schwingungsschaubild_dynamisch.jpg\" alt=\"Diagrama de vibra\u00e7\u00e3o mola de compress\u00e3o din\u00e2mica\" width=\"600\" height=\"372\" data-wp-pid=\"1762\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Druckfeder_Schwingungsschaubild_dynamisch.jpg 600w, https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Druckfeder_Schwingungsschaubild_dynamisch-300x186.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Druckfeder_Schwingungsschaubild_dynamisch-200x124.jpg 200w, https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Druckfeder_Schwingungsschaubild_dynamisch-400x248.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9017\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Diagrama de vibra\u00e7\u00e3o mola de compress\u00e3o din\u00e2mica<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Formelzeichen_Druckfedern_komplett.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Descri\u00e7\u00e3o F\u00f3rmula S\u00edmbolo de Compress\u00e3o Molas [PDF]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Para molas de compress\u00e3o com carga din\u00e2mica, a tens\u00e3o de cisalhamento corrigida aplica-se devido ao aumento da tens\u00e3o resultante. Com o fator de corre\u00e7\u00e3o de tens\u00e3o k, que depende da rela\u00e7\u00e3o de enrolamento (rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre o di\u00e2metro m\u00e9dio e a espessura do fio) da mola, a tens\u00e3o mais alta pode ser determinada aproximadamente.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Tens\u00e3o de corte corrigida<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u03c4k1 = k \u00b7 \u03c41 <u>&lt;<\/u>\u03c4ko<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u03c4k2 = k \u00b7 \u03c42 <span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">&lt;<\/span>\u03c4ko<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">onde se aplica o seguinte para k (de acordo com Bergstr\u00e4sser)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span class=\"katex-eq\" data-katex-display=\"false\">\\Large k=\\frac{\\frac{D}{d}+0,5}{\\frac{D}{d}-0,75}<\/span><\/p>\n<p>A tens\u00e3o superior permitida \u03c4ko para cada tipo de material de mola \u00e9 lida a partir do diagrama de resist\u00eancia \u00e0 fadiga (diagrama Goodman) da DIN EN 13906-1 (Fig. 12 a Fig. 22).<\/p>\n<p>O curso de trabalho desejado n\u00e3o deve exceder a for\u00e7a do curso cont\u00ednuo (\u03c4kh):<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\u03c4kh = \u03c4k2 &#8211; \u03c4k1 <u>&lt;<\/u>\u03c4khzul<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">Com o <a href=\"https:\/\/www.federnshop.com\/de\/service-und-informationen\/federberechnung-nach-din-13906.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">programa de c\u00e1lculo de mola Gutekunst WinFSB<\/a>, cada mola de compress\u00e3o calculada tamb\u00e9m pode ser calculada para a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o din\u00e2mica. Para isso, basta activar a op\u00e7\u00e3o &#8220;dur\u00e1vel&#8221; e &#8220;atirado ao ch\u00e3o&#8221;. Os valores din\u00e2micos e o diagrama Goodman s\u00e3o ent\u00e3o exibidos sob a \u00e1rea &#8220;Stress&#8221;.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9015\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9015\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.federnshop.com\/de\/service_informationen\/federnberechnung_din.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-759 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/Goodman-Diagramm_Druckfeder_dauerfest-300x244.png\" alt=\"WinFSB gr\u00e1fico dur\u00e1vel\" width=\"300\" height=\"244\" data-wp-pid=\"759\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Goodman-Diagramm_Druckfeder_dauerfest-300x244.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Goodman-Diagramm_Druckfeder_dauerfest-200x163.png 200w, https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Goodman-Diagramm_Druckfeder_dauerfest.png 589w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9015\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Diagrama Goodman WinFSB dur\u00e1vel<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9016\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9016\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.federnshop.com\/de\/service_informationen\/federnberechnung_din.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-760 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/\/Goodman-Diagramm_Druckfeder_nicht_dauerfest-300x246.png\" alt=\"Gr\u00e1ficos WinFSB n\u00e3o fixados permanentemente\" width=\"300\" height=\"246\" data-wp-pid=\"760\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Goodman-Diagramm_Druckfeder_nicht_dauerfest-300x246.png 300w, https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Goodman-Diagramm_Druckfeder_nicht_dauerfest.png 600w, https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Goodman-Diagramm_Druckfeder_nicht_dauerfest-200x164.png 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9016\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Diagrama Goodman n\u00e3o permanente<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/EusjLYwYpLE\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><strong>Importante! <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A fim de levar em conta a sobreposi\u00e7\u00e3o de tens\u00e3o devido \u00e0s oscila\u00e7\u00f5es naturais do corpo da mola em molas de compress\u00e3o com carga din\u00e2mica, a tens\u00e3o do bloco \u03c4czul tamb\u00e9m deve ser verificada.<\/p>\n<p>Molas de compress\u00e3o dinamicamente estressadas devem ser disparadas antes do uso. A granalhagem compacta as camadas das bordas da superf\u00edcie para que se obtenha uma for\u00e7a de curso cont\u00ednuo significativamente melhor.<\/p>\n<p>Para a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 fadiga de uma mola de compress\u00e3o, os <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/pt-pt\/propriedades-de-aco-de-mola\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">fios de a\u00e7o<\/a> normal EN 10270-1DH e SH s\u00e3o particularmente adequados para aplica\u00e7\u00f5es de m\u00e9dia din\u00e2mica, e os fios de mola de v\u00e1lvulas EN 10270-2-VDC, -VDSiCr e -VDCrV para aplica\u00e7\u00f5es de alta din\u00e2mica.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Assim que a mola de compress\u00e3o \u00e9 afetada pela corros\u00e3o <a href=\"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/federendlagerungen-knickgrenzen\/\">ou<\/a> atrito do <a href=\"%7Bwpml_trans_unit_1_0_69_1_-1_0%7D\">mandril ou manga<\/a>, a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 fadiga n\u00e3o \u00e9 mais garantida! <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Para mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es:<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/beanspruchung-zugfedern\/\">Tipos de molas de tens\u00e3o Tens\u00e3o<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.federnshop.com\/de\/service_informationen\/federnauslegung.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Design de mola<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.federnshop.com\/de\/service-und-informationen\/technische-beratung.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Aconselhamento t\u00e9cnico no Gutekunst Federn<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.federnshop.com\/de\/federberechnung-auswahl.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Gutekunst C\u00e1lculo da Primavera WinFSB<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Antes de projetar a mola de compress\u00e3o, deve-se sempre esclarecer se o tipo pretendido de tens\u00e3o \u00e9 est\u00e1tico ou quase-est\u00e1tico, ou se \u00e9 din\u00e2mico. Carga est\u00e1tica ou quase-est\u00e1tica Carga constante de tempo (est\u00e1tica), ou carga vari\u00e1vel de tempo com menos<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":9017,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[482,766,907,908],"tags":[652,2323,2321,815,2324,2322,816],"class_list":["post-9014","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-conhecimento","category-industria-pt","category-molas-de-arame","category-molas-de-compressao","tag-druckfedern-pt-pt","tag-estresse-estatico","tag-fadiga","tag-federnberechnung-pt-pt","tag-forca-do-curso-continuo","tag-tensao-dinamica","tag-winfsb-pt-pt"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9014","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9014"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9014\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11423,"href":"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9014\/revisions\/11423"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9017"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9014"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9014"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.federnshop.com\/pt-pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9014"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}